View Templates

View Templates

As indicated in other posts (Lean Design with REVIT), sheets and views should be set up as early as possible, utilizing standard AEA view templates.  A series of standard view templates have been created and preloaded into our office template files.  These viewports cover the most common drawing types, other than plan views.  See below for a list of standard View Templates:

Since each project varies on the exact view templates required, additional view templates will need to be created by the project BIM Coordinator, including plan views.  Also, the standard view templates may need to be modified on a project by project basis, depending on your project.  For example, if you have linked consultant files, the view templates will need to be updated to control how these model display in our views.  Review with your project BIM Coordinator, or a member of the BIM team for assistance.


Once the view templates are in your file, they must be assigned to your views.  The easiest and most efficient way to do this, is through your properties window.  Double click on the view that you wish to update from the project browser.  Once in the view you wish to apply a template too, scroll down to the identity data section of the properties window.

When a view does not have a view template assigned, the Identity will indicate <None> as seen in the above image.  To apply a view template, click on the none button.  This will bring you to the view template dialog box where you can select the appropriate view template to apply, clicking on the view template and clicking the apply button, then hitting OK the exit the view template window.  Once this is completed, the Identity Data field will be updated to the selected view template and your view will be updated accordingly.

Using View Templates will not only ensure a consistent appearance of drawings throughout your set and our office, but will save you time previously spent on hiding elements, adjusting lineweights, etc. on a view by view basis.

Standard Titleblock Update

Standard Titleblock Update

As part of our Quality of Documents Team ongoing efforts to improve workflows and user experience, we have updated our standard Revit titleblocks, with an update to the grid used for locating drawings on sheets.

In the past, the grids were turned on or off via a check box in the Properties of the titleblock within your Revit file, labeled "Display Detail Grid".

While this was an acceptable way to toggle these grids, since this option was sheet specific, it was often the case that the grids were left on one or several drawing sheets when a set of documents was printed.  In response to this, the standard titleblock has been updated to utilize a series of invisible lines that will never print and are visible on demand to the user for placing views.  Let's look at an example in action.  Below is a look at a standard titleblock for State of CT projects:

No grid-lines visible when not requested by user.

If the user wants to see the grid-lines to place a view, simply hover over the titleblock, and the grid-lines appear.

Since the grid-lines only appear when the user requests them, placing a view in the correct spot requires a different approach then previous titleblocks.  Use the following steps:

• Drag the desired view onto the desired sheet.
• Left click on the view once placed on the sheet.
• Move your cursor and hover over the titleblock until the grid-lines are visible.
• Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to shift the heading and view to the correct location on the sheet.

Lean Design with REVIT

Lean Design with Revit

A major issue that we constantly struggle with while working on projects is the file size of our models.  While this is mainly an issue on our larger projects, we can also benefit from a leaner file on small tenant projects.  The leaner the file, the less Revit has to process in the background, the faster the program responds to our commands.

Below are some tips on keeping your Revit file lean (note:  some of these tips can be found in our Quality of Documents Manual section 1.7)

• Warnings:  Revit provides us with warnings to let us know that we are doing something incorrectly.  While these are commonly ignored due to time constraints or lack of knowledge on how to resolve, these warnings should not be ignored.  If left unchecked for too long, the Revit model can amass upwards of 700, 800, or even 1000 warnings. These warnings can make the Revit model slow and cumbersome, because it keeps looking to see if the warnings have been fixed. The most common and easiest to fix warnings are related to room separation lines overlapping each other or walls and warnings saying that two items have the same type mark which should be able to be corrected by any Revit team member.  More complicated warnings like ramp slope, stair riser warnings, unenclosed rooms, etc. may require the assistance of your project BIM Coordinator or a member of the BIM Team.  Reach out for assistance if you are unsure how to correct your warnings, but DO NOT IGNORE them.
• Over complicated Elements:  While Revit is capable of modeling many complicated things and making them parametric, you most likely do not need to.  When in doubt, follow the famous KISS mantra, Keep It Simple Stupid.  In Revit, this would mean only model what you need, when you need it.  Also, be conscious of items that you download from Revit City or manufacturers, as these tend to be over complicated.  Remember the saying, you get what you pay for.  Since these elements are free, they are often not the ideal elements to bring into your project.  No elements downloaded from an outside source (Revit City, Autodesk Seek, etc.) should EVER be placed into your Revit model without review by the project's BIM coordinator.
• Unused Views:  Revit is very powerful when it comes to creating different types of views. This is great, however, an excessive amount of views—especially 3D perspective or isometric views—can weigh a model down. Once you're done using the section you cut to quickly check something, make sure to delete it. Try keeping the philosophy of "name it or delete it" when it comes to views to keep your model in check as you go. 
• Large or Complicated Sketch-Based Items:  This means roofs, floors, ceilings, filled regions, ramps, stairs and any other item that put you into pink lined sketch mode. Complicated sketches using a lot of splines require Revit to process more information. This doesn't mean we shouldn't design wild curvy ceilings, it just means we should keep an eye on how that ceiling is impacting the file. Consider modeling these items as families outside of the project.  Review with the BIM coordinator for advice / direction.
• Unused Families:  Don't be a hoarder when it comes to Revit families in your model. Keeping a small collection of items you are sure you'll need in the future is ok, but keeping every piece of casework you loaded just in case you need it someday is not. If a component you need accidentally gets purged, it can always be loaded back in. 
• Groups:  Groups always seem like a great idea at first, but they wind up functioning differently than you expect them to. Use groups sparingly and with good reason. If it seems like your group could be made into a static family, it probably should be. Also, be wary of the types of components you're grouping together. Wall hosted items like sinks or doors can have issues when they're grouped away from their host (the wall), or in with non-wall hosted items like sinks or casework. 
• Embedded CAD Files or Images:  This is a huge source of file size and model performance problems in Revit. If you absolutely must bring CAD into a Revit model, always save a copy of the file first and clean out the riff raff. Delete any elements that somehow snuck off into no man's land, purge the file, run the "overkill" command and audit it. Make sure when you type in "Z E" for zoom extents that your drawing is centered on the screen.  
• When you bring the CAD in, always link it instead of embedding it. That way, you can find the file when you need to modify it, reload it or remove it. Embedded CAD has the knack of getting lost in your views. Sometimes it can get hidden and become difficult to find. CAD files found to be embedded and not linked are subject to deletion by the BIM coordinator at any time.
• In-Place Families and Overloaded Hosts:  These should be used very sparingly, if at all. Modeling in an outside family is actually easier than using the family editor. Also, when you copy an in-place family, it makes another family. Before you know it you could have Special Casework 1 ,2, 3, ... 25.... Only use an in-place family if it's something you can't model outside of the project in the family editor. 
• Lengthy List of Design Options:  Once you are done using a design option, delete it. When there are a large amount of design options in the model, Revit has to think about how each option influences the objects around it. The more you have, the more thinking that occurs and the slower your model. 
• View Detail:  Do you have a lot of views that are using fine or medium detail level but have scales like 1/16", 1/8"=1'-0"? These views won't really show this level of detail for all elements effectively and you are asking the computer to show it anyway. 
• Saving to Central Using the Project Information Screen:  This is a simple legend view (previously presented) that will help your model open faster. Synchronizing with a 3D view open, especially one that has shadows on, will take a long time to open next time you want to access the file. Revit has a tool under the manage tab that allows you to designate which view you want Revit to open the file with. Your Open Save Page or another small view should be selected for this task).
• Auditing (Once or Twice a Week):  Checking this box will give you a warning that it will take a long time. However, I've never seen it take much longer than the usual load time. If you are ever having issues with your file crashing or behaving strangely, try auditing it and see if that helps. Often times it will. 
• Compacting the file at the end of the day:  It really isn't much slower than your normal save to central and can help keep your file trim and efficient. Confirm that you are the last person working in the file prior to compacting. 
• Over writing the model with a fresh copy:  This should be done by an experienced Revit user, preferably the Project BIM Coordinator, on an as needed basis. It will help clean up older back up and temp files, which will make the file size smaller. Review with BIM coordinator if you feel this should be done.

• Expedite Early Coordination by Inquiry within BIM:  As we have all experienced using REVIT, as the project progresses from Schematic Design through Construction Documents and Construction, the project file size grows exponentially.  Also, as you progress through the project, items begin to become attached to other objects, whether dimensionally or physically.  Based on these two issues, the process of coordination becomes imperative in helping to maintain and smaller and faster Revit file.  
• From early on in the project (starting in the early Design Development phase), we should be using Revit (and potentially Navisworks) to identify design elements that are either absent, poorly defined, inconsistently presented or uncoordinated with other elements.  Identifying these errors early on allows for errors to be more efficiently corrected, as the more complete a model becomes, the more complex relationships between elements become.  Addressing potential issues before these complex relationships are created, saves the user time in trying to correct the issue.  Also, it is common that more Revit warnings will be created during later phases of the project.  Adressing these coordination issues early on, can help in limiting the number of warnings created later on in the project, when file size severly begins to hamper production and speed.
• By querying these discrepancies or omissions with the relevant team member(s), the BIM Coordinator (or assigned team member) can prompt their resolution.  Some examples of questions that can come up early on are:
• Why is that revolving door in the middle of the walkway?
• How is that cantilever supported?
• Why do those walls extend through the roof?
• Where is the access to the maintenance space above the elevator?
• With  Revit, we have the ability to see these issues early on.  It is the teams job to keep asking the questions, until we get the answers, whether from a member of our team or a consultant.
• Propagate Design Fixity:  Once you have answers, commit them to the model.  Design fixity is a consensus on a design issue that enables the project to progress.  It is not "design freeze", but it does provide an agree basis for making and communicating decisions.  This decision making should be attained by phase review decision, which essentially means the cost of delay outweighs the benefit of delay.  While this exact moment should be the Project Manager's judgement call, the decision is informed by several factors, including the lead-time for the documentation phase.  We can design all we want, but at some point, the design team must commit to a decision or begin to lose money.
• The lack of design decision making and a delay in getting this decision into the model is probably the most significant hindrance to the economical success of a project.
• Prepare and Provide Early for Drawing Production:  The BIM Coordinator (or a designated team member) should set up the bulk of numbered sheets and implement consistent view templates in accordance with agreed drawing presentation standards long before a deadline looms.  This will ensure that, once the design is complete and coordinated, production information is delivered as quickly as possible.  The last-minute implementation of project-wide BIM standards and templates is to be avoided.

Project Key Plans

Creating Project Key Plans

For the vast majority of projects that we work on, from a small tenant fit-out to a large new educational building, a Key Plan is an important piece of information included within our title-block to orient the Contractor.  

There are two methods for creating and showing key plans that are to be utilized as outlined below.


Key Plan Option #1 - Within the Title Block Family

For the majority of our projects, a key plan within the title-block is the recommended method.  For this method to be feasible the following must be met.

• The plans (floor, ceiling, demo, roof, etc.) being shown on the plans are always the same. The best example of this is a tenant fit-out project.  The location of a tenant space within the larger floor plate of a  building is consistent and can be used on all sheets.

Once it is determined that the above criteria is met, the actual key plan can be created.  To create the key plan for the project, the following steps should be taken:

• Select the Amenta/Emma Standard title-block loaded into your model from the starting template.  The title-block will turn blue, indicating it has been selected.  On the ribbon, click the Edit Family Icon to enter the family editor.

• Once inside the family editor, zoom into the area of the title-block reserved for the key plan.  The key plan can be created one of two ways, either by importing an image that has been previously created for the project, or by creating a series of lines and filled regions for the project.
• Assuming an image has already been created, browse to the insert tab and select image.  Select the image and load it into the project.  Place it on the sheet and scale the image accordingly to fit the key plan area.  After the image has been set, adjust the North arrow to represent true orientation, including a Project North, if applicable.
• If an image has not been created, draw the key plan using lines and filled regions.  Adjust the North arrow as indicated above.
• Once the image has been loaded, or the plan drawn, save your title block family in your project folder and load it into your project and select the Overwrite the existing version and its parameter values option.  This will update all sheets in your project using this title block.

Key Plan Option #2 - As a Legend

For a small number of our projects, the key plan can not be the same on all sheets.  The most common example of this is a building whose footprint is so big that the floor plans do not fit onto a single sheet and are subdivided into multiple sheets using match lines.  Another example would be a project with both renovation work and some for of an addition.  This would require a key plan for the demolition plans, showing the existing building only, and a key plan for the addition, showing both the existing building and the new addition.

This method is currently being used on our project at HCC, as we have both a building footprint that does not fit onto a single sheet and a scope of work that includes both renovation and an addition.  Below is a view of our project browser, with the series of key plan legends that are currently utilized on the project.  As you can see, we currently utilizing 10 key plans.  The most common are the Demo and Construction plan legends.  The addition for this project has varying floor plate sizes, so additional key plans have been created for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors of the addition.

How to Create a Legend Key Plan

Once the building footprint has been established for the project, the simplest way to create a key plan is to draw a filled region around the perimeter of the building.  Once this filled region has been created, we can create our key plan from that.  Follow the steps below:

• Create a new legend from the View Tab ->  Legends -> Legend.

• Go to the floor plan and copy the filled region that you created.  Paste the filled region into your legend view.
• Change the scale to a small scale, something like 1" = 100', although actual scale will vary depending on the size of your building.
• Create filled regions for each wing of the building.  In the case of HCC, we have 4 wings for the new work.

• In the first legend, change all but 1 wing to the pattern "Solid White".  Change the active wing to "Existing Construction".

• Duplicate this legend as many times as necessary for your project, changing which wing is hatched.  Place the legend on your sheet, in the key plan location for all projects that are non-state or client title-block driven.  Make sure the correct key plan is placed on the corresponding plans.

Read Your Warning Messages

Read Your Warning Messages

As we all should know by now, the more warning messages you have in a file, the larger the file and the slower the model runs.  Often times the error messages that pop up are ignored based on time constraints or other reasons, however every attempt should be made to read all error messages when they occur.  Here is an example of what happens when you try to do something that you should not and how is impacts the rest of your team and how it can lead to people not trusting you to work within their model.

Here is a screenshot of the first error message that was ignored after a user changed a parameter to a level.

A few days later another user notices that a series of rooms are no longer enclosed, when their screen looked like this:

Below is the process that is required to determine what happened and why the rooms were no longer enclosed:

• Are all the rooms not enclosed or just a few? To check this, take a look at a few of the wall properties in the surrounding rooms and make sure the Room Bounding parameter is checked.  

Room Bounding Checked - Not the Issue Here

• Is this happening on just this floor or on other floors as well?  To verify, check the base offset, limit offset and upper offset values.

Values are correct - Not the Issue

• Next step is to check the properties of the level that the rooms are hosted on.  The first step is to check the computation height of the level.

• When the computation height overlaps another floor with rooms, you will see the following warning message:

DO NOT IGNORE THIS ERROR MESSAGE

• When the computation height overlaps bounding objects (like walls that are room bounding), you will see the following warning message:

The computation height relates to room bounding objects that are hosted to that level.

• So, what happened?  How did the computation height at the level change to 100' above the level?  In a section view, a user wanted to show the actual elevation (survey point), rather than the project level, to tie the building into the Civil drawings for a project.  Instead of using a Project Base Point or a Survey Point reference, they chose to change the computation height.  When they did this, they ignored the error message and did nothing.  There was no visible change to the elevation level, so they moved on.

The Moral of the Story:

Our BIM team often tells users that the can ignore certain error messages, like walls overlapping room separation lines and objects slightly off axis.  In general, this is not the best practice, as all warning messages are really warning you that you might be, most likely are, doing something wrong.  Many warning messages are precursors to model performance issues or worse; model corruption.

Moving forward, please do yourself and your teams a favor and start reading your warning messages.  If you don't understand the error or are unsure what to do to correct it, share your message with your Project BIM Coordinator, or if you do not have one, a member of the BIM Standards Team.  

Corrections to complicated errors, like the one indicating above, can take hours or days to troubleshoot and preventing them is the best course of action.

Preventing Accidental Clicks

Preventing Accidental Clicks

Have you ever tried to click on a door but accidentally double clicked on the door tag instead?  When you double click on a family, you are immediately brought to the family file for editing.  Did you know that you can configure your settings to avoid this?  Simply follow the steps below:

• Click on the Revit Symbol (R:) and select options.
• Once inside the options menu, select the user interface tab.

• Click on the customize option next to Double-click Options and change the family option to Do Nothing.

Keyboard Shortcuts

Keyboard Shortcuts

Did you know that you can customize your keyboard shortcuts by adding new commands to increase speed and efficiency?

In Revit 2014, viewports can now be activated by double-clicking on the viewports on your sheet, but there is no fast way to deactivate them.  However, by customizing our shortcuts we can create one to eliminate the need to right click and select the deactivate option.

To add a keyboard shortcut use the following steps:

• Type KS to access the shortcut preferences.

• In the search bar, type dea to filter to available commands down to only Viewports:Deactivate View.
• Click on the Viewports:Deactivate View command.  This will activate the Press new keys option.
• Type the shortcut you would like to use.  I recommend XX as it is close to where our hands usually are, but you can use whatever you prefer.
• Click the Assign button.
• Click OK to close out of the window.

Cut Profile Tool

Changing the Cut Profile of Elements

When creating enlarged plan or sectional details, the out-of-the box REVIT view rarely displays to properly displays what the built construction will be.  To modify this, we should use the Cut Profile tool.  This keeps the modeled assembly visible in our details in the event that a wall moves or is otherwise altered.  We SHOULD NOT hide the model and use a filled region to adjust our details.

We can use the Cut Profile tool to change the shape of elements that are cut in a view, such as roofs, floors, walls, and the layers of compound structures. The tool is available in plan, RCP, and section views. Changes made to the profile are view-specific; that is, the element's 3D geometry and its appearance in other views does not change.

Let's start with a basic exterior brick on CMU cavity wall assembly with a window placed somewhere along the wall.

Once we have this created, we can create an enlarged jamb detail.  As you can see, by default the wall construction is cut at the location of the window, despite the fact that in the wall properties we have indicated for the interior to wrap at inserts.

To adjust the jamb detail, we will use the Cut Profile Tool, located under the view tab in the ribbon.

Once inside the Cut Profile tool, we must select a cut face (layer of the wall, ceiling, etc.) to modify the boundary.  It is important to note that the Cut Profile tool allows you to modify each layer of the wall assembly (gypsum board, metal stud, CMU, etc.) independently from one another, allowing one element to return and others to extend.  The first surface we will extend will be the gypsum board to return it to the window mullion.  If we click on the gypsum board, we will enter a sketch mode with the existing boundary shown with orange lines.  Once in the sketch mode, draw lines to indicate the extents of the modification you would like to make, indicated with purple lines.  The third component is a purple arrow.  The arrow must point to the side that you want to keep (see the image below).

After the sketch is completed, click the green check mark to finish the modification.

Repeat these steps for all items that you wish to cut and add detail components as necessary to complete the detail.